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Heat stress in poultry is closely linked to temperature-humidity index (THI). A THI-based early warning model enables farms to act before birds suffer.
The model defines four risk levels: THI < 74 (safe), 74–78 (caution), 79–83 (danger), and > 83 (emergency). Each threshold triggers specific actions—from increasing ventilation to activating cooling pads and adjusting feed schedules.
Field application on 20,000-bird houses showed that using graded alerts reduced heat-related mortality by 25–30% and improved feed intake during hot spells. The system integrates with standard environmental controllers and requires only temperature and humidity sensors.
This practical, low-cost tool turns climate data into actionable farm decisions, making it valuable for tropical and subtropical regions.


Automatic manure removal systems are becoming an important component of modern poultry farm automation. This article compares traditional manual manure handling and automated manure conveyor systems from three perspectives: labor requirements, ammonia management, and waste processing efficiency. Manual cleaning methods may increase labor dependency and create challenges in maintaining consistent environmental conditions. Automated manure removal…
Environmental control systems are critical for poultry house performance. Unplanned fan or sensor failures during heat waves can cause catastrophic losses. A preventive maintenance strategy significantly reduces this risk. Key elements include: scheduled inspections of fans, motors, and belts every 500 operating hours; calibration checks for temperature and humidity sensors monthly; and cleaning of cooling…
Precision feeding delivers exact feed amounts based on real-time bird weight and intake patterns, minimizing waste. For a 10,000-bird flock with a 40-day cycle and average feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 1.6, total feed consumption reaches roughly 16,000 kg per cycle. Manual feeding typically wastes 5–10% of feed due to spillage, spoilage, and uneven distribution.…
Automated floor rearing systems require a lifecycle cost perspective beyond initial purchase price. Depreciation—spreading equipment cost over its usable life—and technology iteration—rapid upgrades in sensors, controls, and software—shape total ownership expense. A robust analysis model includes five phases: acquisition, installation, operation, maintenance, and residual value. Shorter technology cycles (e.g., every 3–5 years) accelerate depreciation but…